The selection of special fluids for CNC machining centers is mainly to choose their rust resistance. The general lubricity and cleaning performance can meet the requirements, but the machinery and equipment of CNC machining centers are generally very expensive, so special fluids with good rust resistance and corrosion resistance should be selected to meet the requirements of machining parts while protecting the parts and components of various materials in the machinery and equipment and the paint surface of the equipment.

The following steps are generally required when selecting a special liquid:

1. Choose the type of special fluid: that is, choose oil-based cutting fluid or water-based cutting fluid. The main factors to be considered are workpiece materials, machining quality requirements (machining accuracy and surface integrity), tool materials, machine tool conditions, machining methods, cutting parameters, etc.

2. Select the type of special liquid: it is necessary to comprehensively consider the processing performance, physical and chemical performance, and environmental sanitation performance of the special liquid, and decide which type of product to choose. This process is mainly based on the decision-maker's understanding of the processing environment and the basic knowledge of special fluids. Of course, the credibility, supply capacity, technical services, and other commercial factors of the special liquid manufacturer also need to be considered.

3. Test the environmental sanitation performance and physical and chemical performance of the pre-selected special liquid products.

4. Carry out actual cutting experiments on the special fluid with qualified environmental sanitation performance and physical and chemical performance, and evaluate its machining efficiency.

5. Try out the varieties that have passed the above tests, and tests, and make an economic evaluation based on the trial. Generally speaking, it takes a long time (at least one * liquid cycle) to conclude.

Special fluid requirements for CNC machining centers for different tool materials

1. High-speed steel cutter

This material is high-grade alloy steel based on chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium (some also contain aluminum). Their heat resistance is significantly higher than that of tool steel, and the allowable high temperature can reach 600 ℃. Compared with other high-temperature resistant metal and ceramic materials, high-speed steel has a series of advantages, especially its high toughness, which is suitable for workpieces with complex geometry and continuous machining. Moreover, high-speed steel has the characteristics of good machinability and easy acceptance in price.

Due to the poor red hardness of high-speed steel tools, cutting fluid should be used in use. Oil-based cutting fluid or emulsion is recommended for low and medium-speed cutting. In high-speed cutting, water-based cutting fluid is suitable because of the large heat generation. If oil-based cutting fluid is used, more oil mist will be produced, which will pollute the environment, and it is easy to burn the workpiece, reduce the processing quality, and increase the tool wear.

2. Cemented carbide tools

Due to the good red hardness of cemented carbide tools, when selecting cutting fluid, we should consider the sensitivity of cemented carbide to sudden heat, and try to make the tools evenly heated, otherwise it will lead to edge collapse. Generally, the thermal conductivity of oil-based cutting fluid is poor, and the risk of tool sudden cooling is smaller than that of water-based cutting fluid, so it is generally appropriate to choose oil-based cutting fluid containing anti-wear additives.

When cutting with cutting fluid, pay attention to cooling the tool evenly, so that the tool can be cooled in advance before cutting. For high-speed cutting, a large flow cutting fluid should be used to spray the cutting area, to avoid edge collapse caused by uneven heating of the tool and reduce the oil smoke pollution caused by evaporation due to high temperature.

3. Ceramic cutting tools

This material is made of alumina, metal, and carbide sintered at high temperatures. Its high-temperature wear resistance is better than that of cemented carbide, so dry cutting is generally used. Considering uniform cooling and avoiding excessive temperature, water-based cutting fluid is often used, but continuous and sufficient pouring is required without interruption.

4. Diamond tools

With extremely high hardness, dry cutting is generally used. To avoid too high temperature, like ceramic materials, water-based cutting fluid is used in many cases.

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